Showing posts with label Cash Accounting. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Cash Accounting. Show all posts

Friday, 21 December 2018

A flexible School Makes The Work And Study Possible

A flexible School Makes The Work And Study Possible
Why opting for online bachelors and master degrees is lucrative
A flexible School Makes The Work And Study PossibleLearning and education both are most important and essential to live a luxurious life with knowledge and information of the world generally and of the selected subject area particularly. Due to a large increase in the population the concept of getting an education has also been changed. Now people also prefer online learning and degrees because it has a large number of benefits. The lucratively of the online degree programs attracts students and provide with a degree along with other benefits. The major and attractive benefits and mentioned here in detail.
A flexible school makes the work and study possible
An online degree has totally finished the criteria of age limit to take admission in any course which is still common in regular and private universities and colleges. The major reason to select or to opt an online degree is the flexibility in time and schedule. Now one can also get admission and can continue his education at any time of the life because there is no age limit for online bachelor and online master degree. An online degree has made it possible to get education whenever possible and also along with jobs and other activities. It is most beneficial for people who could not continue their education in the past due to a number of reasons.
Introduction to the whole world’s cultures
It is also a major paradigm which enforces people to take admission in online bachelor and online master degree because the students meet with people from all over the world. They develop friendships and come close to one another and become familiar with one another’s culture and mores when they work and study together.
Expansion in careers
It is also an attractive point of online bachelor degree and online master degrees because these degrees provide a chance to expand your career. It is for people who want to get an additional a degree after completing a private degree. After getting another degree there will be more increases in the salary packages and grade.
No travel required
For job holders, for those who cannot travel and for those who don’t want to travel online bachelor degree and online master degrees are best options because they can get education from any part of the world and there is no need to travel. In this way online degree saves a lot of time that one spends during travel.  It alsosaves the travel cost. This positive point attracts people towards the online education.
Informality in classroom
This is the most important thing which is attracting people towards online degrees. It is profitable because it saves the dress and shoes expenditures of student. One can also attend his class in his pajama or in whatever dress he or she wore. There is no need to buy new dresses and cosmetics to use when going to attend class.
Less tuition fee
Cost and tuition fee is the most important thing which makes online degree programs profitable and lucrative. Online degrees are less costly than private education. Less tuition fee and less expenditure make it profitable and attractive for people.

Quality And Principles Of Education

Quality And Principles Of Education
  1. Issues and Challenges:
There are three major issues that can be documented: first the nature of education, second the strain in the middle of local and worldwide needs and third the 'language apartheid' which Pakistan is encountering in the present times. Furthermore, there is an issue of supportability and consequently long-term effect of contributor supported tasks.Each of these issues will be examined under the following headings:
1.1 Quality And Principles Of Education:
English medium language is broadly thought to be synonymous with astounding education. Does it, along these lines, astonish that folk lean toward an English medium education for their kids? This can be found in the multiplication of private English medium schools even in the remote territories of Pakistan (Rahman, T. 2002).
As specified prior, the choice to begin teaching English from first grade is taken by every single chose government not long after they came into force as a political motion as opposed to as an outflow of their political will to give chances to increasing widespread proficiency in English (Shamim, F., 2008). This choice is taken with no attainability study or a well-examined and cognizant execution plan. The latest Education Policy (GovernmQuality And Principles Of Educationent of Pakistan, 2009) likewise prescribes the instructions of English as a subject from first grade and utilization of English as the medium of guideline for Science and Mathematics from grade IV onwards. Though, as Coleman, H. (2010b) focuses out, there is an absence of clarity around a few parts of this approach. Coleman additionally takes note of that there are some inward contradictions in the strategy archived; for instance, the approach mandate of utilizing English for Science and Mathematics from grade IV and V is inconsistent with prior proclamations about schools picking any language as medium of teaching between grade I and V.
Naturally, there exists a gap between the "unwritten" dialect policy and routine of the instructing-learning of English in Pakistan. These have prompted a circumstance whereby the larger part of school and college graduates from public sector and enter to the job market with lesser proficiency aptitudes in English.
1.2 Pressure in the Middle of Local and Worldwide Needs:
Language makes the personality and it is an instrument for speaking to local values, culture and society. From one perspective, the privilege to study one's own language is currently viewed as an essential human right (Segota, J., 2001). Then again, there is a critical felt need, especially among the youth, to relate to the global world society. Colleges and universities in Pakistan are likewise confronted with the test of accomplishing universally perceived scholastic excellence and status, predominantly through the medium of English, while in the meantime serving the needs of the local populace.
The examples of language use in the public eye point to the utilization of Urdu as the most widely used language in Pakistan. Urdu is utilized by the vast majority as a part of country fundamentally their local language. Likewise, while English is utilized for official purposes like in documentation and correspondence, Urdu and/or the other local languages are for the most part utilized for oral association as a part of government workplaces. In the urban communities, just a small section of the public, the educated upper class, use English for their regular correspondence. The challenge is to keep up a suitable balance in the decision of language in teaching among individual, societal and national improvement needs.
1.3 A Condition of Language Apartheid:
In Pakistan, knowledge with and utilization of English are pointers of being in social class, being educated and having a pure family foundation. Like, the words 'Urdu medium' and 'English medium' in Pakistan are intensely stacked with monetary and socio-cultural implications. Subsequently their utilization signifies more than simply the medium of guideline through which a student has learned in a school, college or university under HEC. Actually, a student with an 'English medium' institution is viewed as better in all dimensions contrasted than somebody who belongs to Urdu medium educational foundation. Therefore, we are moving towards a condition of language apartheid.
References:
Coleman, H. (2010b). Teaching and Learning in Pakistan: The Role of Language in Education. Islamabad: British Council.
Government of Pakistan,(2009). National Education Policy. Islamabad: Ministry of Education.
Rahman, T. (2002).Language, Ideology and Power. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
Segota, J. (2001). Board of Directors reaffirms position on language rights. TESOL Matters 6 February.
Shamim, F. (2008). Trends, issues and challenges in English language education in Pakistan. Asia Pacific Journal of Education 28(3), 235-249.

Thursday, 20 December 2018

Cash Accounting

Cash Accounting
Q4
Cash accounting.
Cash AccountingHere, a business only records revenue and expenses after payment of the cash. For example in the case a business firm Y sells writing papers. In January, a school orders fifty rims of printing papers. The school has a law of paying after 60 days of the transaction. Business firm Y will record no revenue in January, February and record amount paid in March. It also applies to payments.
Accrual accounting.
The principle of matching is part of accrual accounting. In this type of accounting, revenue and operating cost are recorded in the time in which they incurred. For example, bank X has rented a building for its transactions, and it is to pay semi- annually costing $1200000 in January and July. The bank would not record $ 2400000 in a year but will record $200000 per month.
Modified accrual accounting
It combines both cash and accrual accounting. Here, Revenues are recognized merely when they are available are measurable. Like increase of funds to be paid in a period of 30 days, it is recorded hereunder accrual basis since it is measurable time and resources are available.
Q5
The principle of accounting is part of accrual accounting. It enables counting of revenues and all associated costs at the same accounting period, it also pairs revenue with the cost that were incurred to generate the same revenue.
Q6
Accounting equation is a simplified way of deeper understanding of how assets, liabilities and owner’s equity (net assets) interrelate in a business.
Assets = Liabilities + Net assets
It is imperative since it enables reading of the balance sheet and it also aids comprehending company’s financial statement on the wall.
Q8
Financial statement accounting board (FASB 117) has a role to establish for general purpose external financial statements provided by not- for-profit organization. It defines financial statement for non- profits requiring them to use three funds or rather classes in non- profit financial statement which are unrestricted net assets, temporarily restricted net asset and permanently restricted net asset. It has its objective that is enhancing the relevance understanding also compatibility of financial statement issued by the very organizations. The statement also requires the organizations’ net assets, revenues, operating cost, gains and sufferers be top secret based on existence or absence of donor-imposed restrictions
Q9
The non- profit are expected to report their daily operations (revenue and expenses) and  they have also an obligation to report any income at hand which cannot be spend now but can be spend in future lastly they should report to the government revenue that they have a limit no to use based on donors’ requirements. FASB 116 dictates all this oversight by the government.
The income statement has three categories that explains the condition of the business; operating cash flow, financing cash flow and investing cash flow. These aims to show where the non- profit have received and spend its money and their current status. The balance sheet on the other hand calls for a statement of financial position of the non- profits. It explores on their net assets by finding out the difference in liabilities and the assets.
Part 2
Q1
The land on which the non- profit is located and it owns it is an asset
Q2
Salaries owned to employees are a liability
Q3
A $ 100000 grant to be paid next year for a particular purpose by an organization is a net asset
Q4
Government bonds owned by the non- profits is a liability
Q5
Prepaid insurance is an asset
Q6
15 years mortgage on 0rganization’s building is a liability
Q7
Salaries to be paid to the employees is an expense
Q8
Supplies in the closet are an asset
Q9
A bill from staples is an expense
Q10
Money owed to the non- profit and were yet to be paid is the net asset.